描述 Description

Given an array of integers, return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to a specific target.

You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution, and you may not use the same element twice.

Example:

Given nums = [2, 7, 11, 15], target = 9, Because nums[0] + nums[1] = 2 + 7 = 9, return [0, 1].

[Two Sum]

分析 Analysis

方法1

两重循环,速度很慢,O(N^2)

方法2:夹逼方法

先排序,然后左右夹逼,排序O(nlogn),左右夹逼O(n){左边为i,右边为j,如果两数和>sum,则必然是右边数太大,所以j左移,否则是左边数太小,所以i右移},最终O(nlogn)。但是注意,这题需要返回的是下标,而不是数字本身,所以要用一个数据结构存好键值对应关系,如hashmap。

Two Sum问题变型

在二叉查找树中查找和为某个定值的两个数。

相当于给了你一个有序数组,最小总是在左子树上,即从最左子树开始找其后继;最大的总是在右子树上,即从最右子树开始找其前驱。

方法3(lz推荐)

hash。用一个哈希表,存储每个数对应的下标,复杂度O(n)。

代码 Code

方法3

vector<int> twoSum(vector<int> &numbers, int target)
{
    //Key is the number and value is its index in the vector.
    unordered_map<int, int> hash;
    vector<int> result;
    for (int i = 0; i < numbers.size(); i++) {
        int numberToFind = target - numbers[i];

            //if numberToFind is found in map, return them
        if (hash.find(numberToFind) != hash.end()) {
                    //+1 because indices are NOT zero based
            result.push_back(hash[numberToFind]);
            result.push_back(i);            
            return result;
        }

            //number was not found. Put it in the map.
        hash[numbers[i]] = i;
    }
    return result;
}

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